The Dietary Skills for People to Prevent Colorectal Cancer

Nowadays, more and more people have been troubled by the colorectal cancer. The incidence of the disease has been constantly increased. In order to maintain the physical health, it is necessary for people to positively prevent the cancer. According to the research, the increasing intake of dietary fibers can effectively decrease the incidence of the disease. In Africa, only few people get the colorectal cancer, as the content of vegetarian fibers contained in their diet is rather high. If people always eat the foods containing high fat and high protein, the wastes can not be removed from the human body in time. In order to shorten the contact time between toxic substances and the intestinal wall, people should choose the diet containing relatively high content of vegetarian fibers so as to decrease the risks of getting colorectal cancer.

What's more, the research in Britain has studied the relationship between the dietary habit and cancer in 12 countries. The result shows that the rate of getting cancer can be greatly decreased if people usually take starch foods. The starch foods can resist the intestinal cancer by two ways. First, after the starch enters the intestines, the intestinal bacteria will be seriously propagated to accelerate the defecation and remove the toxins. Second, starch can produce a large amount of butyrate inside the human body to restrain the formation of carcinogenic cells. For example, the potato starch can produce a kind of fatty acid during the digestion inside the stomach and intestines, which can not only eliminate the toxins but also resist cancer inside the human body.

In order to effectively prevent the cancer, people should positively adjust their diet. The nutrients like vitamins, calcium and selenium can play an important role in preventing malignant tumors. It is necessary for people to increase the intake of fresh vegetables, fruits, dairy products, lean meat, sea food, fish and eggs so as to prevent the lack of vitamins, folic acid and mineral substances inside their bodies. In everyday life, people should adhere to a kind of diverse diet and accept coarse foods moderately. The fried foods should be avoided as far as possible. The intake of plant oil should be controlled within 20 to 30 grams strictly each day. At the same time, they should quit some bad habits, such as smoking and drinking. In addition, people should form good life habits and keep adequate sleep in spare time.

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Bowel Cancer Symptoms And Different Therapies

Bowel cancer is difficult to diagnose at an early stage because patients are usually asymptomatic early in the disease process. Screening to detect polys and cancer is important for all those deemed to be at risk and for those over the age of 50. Diagnosis of bowel cancer in the older adult is especially challenging because many of the common changes of aging in the gastrointestinal tract can prevent early detection. For example, constipation, change in bowel patterns and fatigue may be inaccurately attributed to the aging process.

Approximately 50% of patients present with hepatic metastases or develop them during the course of disease. Because the protal vein drains blood supply from the colon, the liver is the most common site of metastasis for advanced disease. Isolated lung or liver metastases may be resected in later stage disease. As the disease progresses, patients may experience bowel obstruction. Widespread metastases to abdomen, lung or liver are often the cause of death.

Most cancers of the bowel are moderately or well-differentiated adenocarcinomas. These cancers usually develop as a result of progressive colonic polyp mutations. Screening for and removal of potentially malignant polyps can prevent development of metastatic disease. TNM staging has been modified to correspond with the Astler coller dukes system. This staging process evaluates the depth of bowel wall penetration by the tumor, lymph node involvement, and presence of distant metastasis. The accuracy of the staging in high risk stage II and III is associated with the number of nodes surgically removed. Staging ranges from stage I to stage IV, with overall survival declining from greater than 90% to less than 10% for stage IV disease.

A complete staging work up includes a physical exam, pathologic tissue review, colonoscopy, and baseline computed tomography of the chest, abdomen and pelvis, complete blood count, chemistry profile and carcinombryonic antigen determination.

For resectable bowel cancer surgery remains the standard treatment. Tumor location, blood supply, and lymph node patterns are the area of cancer determine the extent of resection. Examination of a minimum of 12 lymph nodes is necessary for accurate staging. Laparoscopic advances have allowed the use of minimally invasive surgical procedures of resect bowel cancers without increasing recurrence rates. Early mobility, return of pulmonary function, and decreased ileus and adhesion formation have made this procedure desirable for many patients, especially those with advancing age and comorbid illnesses. Surgical management of bowel cancer involves resection with preservation of anorectal sphincter function, and sexual and urinary function whenever possible.

The role of radiation therapy is not well defined for bowel cancer, but more studies are needed, as completed studies are under powered. Debate over the value of pre or post surgical radiation therapy for bowel cancer continues. Although pre operative and post operative radiotherapy has been shown to reduce local recurrence when compared to surgery alone, neither intervention resulted in a statistically significant improvement in overall survival. Pre operative chemoradiotheraphy doubled the rate of bowel sphincter sparing operations and lowered the rates of local recurrence, acute toxicity, and long term toxicity.

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